Von Willebrand Disease (vWD) in Shetland Sheepdogs
Hematological condition — Shetland Sheepdog — Small-Medium breed
Moderate Risk
What is Von Willebrand Disease (vWD)?
Von Willebrand disease is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in dogs, caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor — a protein essential for normal blood clotting. Three types exist (I, II, III), ranging from mild (Type I) to life-threatening (Type III). DNA testing allows definitive identification of carriers and affected dogs.
Symptoms of Von Willebrand Disease (vWD)
- Prolonged bleeding from minor wounds or nail trims
- Bleeding from the gums or nose
- Blood in urine or stool
- Excessive bruising
- Prolonged bleeding after surgery or whelping
- In severe cases: spontaneous bleeding episodes
How Is Von Willebrand Disease (vWD) Diagnosed?
vWD is confirmed by measuring von Willebrand factor antigen level (vWF:Ag) in blood. DNA testing identifies the specific mutation and carrier status. Buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) assesses functional clotting ability. Genetic testing before breeding is the standard recommendation.
Treatment & Cost
Mild (Type I) often requires no ongoing treatment but pre-surgical precautions are needed. DDAVP (desmopressin) injection can temporarily raise vWF levels before elective procedures. Fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate transfusions are used for active bleeding. Avoid NSAIDs, which impair platelet function.
Most pet insurance plans cover von willebrand disease (vwd) treatment in full when the policy is active before diagnosis. Compare plans below.